A. Diabetic Symptoms Signs

1. General Information about;-

· Hyporglycaemia

· Hyperglycaemia

Diabetes Types

· Type one

· Type two

· Gestational diabetics

· Feline Diabetics

2.  Causes of diabetes

3.  Diabetic Complications and Damages

4.  Blood Glucose Range Target

5.  When to test

6.  Effective Diabetic Management

B. DIABETICS EXERCISE PLAN

· Diabetes Fitness

C. DIABETIC DIET PLAN

· Diabetes Recipes

· Diabetic Diet

D. DIABETICS ACCESSORIES

· Systems for measuring glucose

· Diabetic control products

E. TERMS AND JARGON

· What is…?

A. General about Diabetes

• No medication will cure Diabetes
• Effective diabetic management must be a lifestyle choice not an option
• Diet is the only cure
• Practice commitment and discipline(what you eat, when you eat, how much you)
• Examine specific life-style habits(drink water, don’t buy refined foods)
• Healthy life-style changes is essential (become more active and exercise)
• Working towards obtaining ideal body weight, will reduce diabetes effects and improve overall health
• Irregular sleeping can affect glucose levels

1. Diabetic symptoms and signs

• Excessive thirst
• extreme fatigue
• Exhaustion
• increased and frequent urination
• constant hunger
• weight loss
• blurred vision
• wounds and sores heal slowly
• Frequent nausea or vomit
• Deep/faster breathing
• Weak or drowsy
• Breath smells
• Trembles or dizziness
• Dry skin
• Tingling and numbness in hands and feet
• Pain in feet (can’t walk long distances
• Leg cramps

Signs of low blood sugar (hyporglycaemia)

• Fast heartbeat
• hunger
• nervousness
• Paleness
• Shaking
• Sweating
• Tingling or numb lips
• Weakness

Signs of high blood sugar (hyperglycaemia)

• increased thirst
• urination

1. Types of Diabetes

Diabetes Type 1:

· Also know as juvenile diabetes.

· No insulin or very little gets produced by the pancreas.

· The insulin producing beta cells of the pancreas gets destroyed by the body’s immune system.

· Insulin must be taken daily (injection)

Type 2 diabetic:

· Also known as adult-onset diabetes

· Insulin is produced by pancreas(not enough is produced)

· Enough insulin is present but gets rejected/resisted by the body

· Oral medication.

· Insulin production decreases if lifestyle changes is not implemented

Type 2 Diabetes Treatment

· Medication

· Diet plan

· Exercise programs

Gestational diabetics

· Medication

· Diet plan

· Exercise programs

· Occurs in pregnant women

· Usually in late stages 23 to 28 weeks

· No warning sign or symptoms is present,

· Happens when there is a shortage of insulin

· Combination of hormones

· generally subsides after birth

If left uncontrolled

· it has adverse effects on the developing fetus

· Increase the odds of developing Type 2 diabetes at a later stage.

Gestational treatment:

· Physical activity must be increased

· Body weight must be maintained

· Low glycaemic index (GI) diet is essential. (It releases sugar relatively slow in blood stream.)

· medication

· A journal must be kept of her daily activities so that medical officer can help with medication and advice.

Feline Diabetes

Diabetes in dog and cats

Signs to look for in your pet.

· excessive urination

· excessive thirst, dehydration

· lose weight

· vomiting,

· loss of appetite,

· weakness, and

· dehydration

· poor skin hair coat

· liver disease

· bacterial infections

· weaker in the rear legs

· lethargy

· weakness

· breathing abnormalities

Tip; House pets don’t need a lot of carbohydrates (sugar) it is better to give them proteins

Causes of diabetes

• life style
• family history of diabetes
• obesity
• poor diet
• middle-aged
• high cholesterol
• high blood pressure

Diabetic Complications and Damages

• Living with uncontrolled diabetes for long periods of time may cause irreversible damage to
• body organs
• blood vessels
• the brain
• eyes (blindness)
• kidneys and liver
• nerves
• Diabetic complications are
• Diabetic Nephropathy
• Diabetic Retinopathy
• Foot ulcers
• Heart Disease
• Limb amputation
• susceptible to gum diseases
• Extreme fit-teak set in when there is a shortage of energy due to glucose settling in blood